【环球叶问】美国死咬新疆不松口，因为事关西方最恐惧的一件事！

当你听到“种族灭绝”、“集中营”、“强迫劳动”这一连串谎言的时候，你心里可曾问过一个问题：为什么总是新疆？西方为什么要变着花样，死咬新疆不放呢？这一切，是早有预谋还是一连串的巧合呢？难道真是因为郑国恩之流恰巧写了篇漏洞百出的报告吗？

最近，澳大利亚刊物《澳人警示服务》发表了一份特别报告，叫做《新疆：欧亚中心地带的中国西部边境》。读完之后你就会知道，为什么他们总盯着新疆了。

战争黑洞 -- 美国制造的人权灾难

【交叉点评】多国驻华大使谈参观新疆的经历 伊朗大使的话让美国扎心了！

3月30日至4月2日，上海合作组织秘书长诺罗夫及20多个国家的驻华使节和外交官一行30余人在新疆维吾尔自治区参观访问，并参加了“新疆是个好地方”交流会。 4月6日晚，凤凰卫视的《风云对话》栏目播出了“新疆是个好地方”主题宣介会后对多国驻华大使的专访。他们从不同角度讲述了亲眼所见的新疆，纷纷表示，这里的实际情况与西方诸多不实报道大相径庭。

【繁簡字幕】人類瞓得愈少愈無腦？你絕對想像唔到瞓覺係如此重要！想有創意竟然係要瞓多啲？瞓覺可以醫精神病同抑鬱？︱#37 好書推介 為甚麼要睡覺？​︱十分鐘讀好書_20210402

Lorey給觀眾的話：
今日的商業社會鼓吹早睡早起和長時間工作。一些大型企業的執行長分享成功之道時，無一不是每天零晨5點就起床，做運動、看報紙、8點前就精神奕奕回到公司處理一日的大小事務。企業文化似乎視睡眠為無用之物，上班沒精打采的員工會被責備；日以繼夜工作，不辭勞苦的員工受到獎勵。在近代短短100多年間，人類就拋棄了用340萬年演化而成的睡眠慣性。人類是唯一一個會刻意剝奪自己睡眠的物種，而這習慣正對我們的健康、預期壽命和智力發展造成災難性的打擊。剝奪睡眠不但沒有促進生產力的提升，而且已造成了巨大經濟損失。擁有完整的睡眠，是每個人應有的權利，也更乎合生物的天性，令生產活力得以提升，最終惠及整個社會。一起來學習您不知道有關睡眠的事吧!

[Documentary] The War in the Shadows - Fighting Terrorism in Xinjiang

The War in the Shadows: Challenges of Fighting Terrorism in Xinjiang | Trailer




Xinjiang Under Blue Skies | Theme Song of The War in the Shadows



On March 1, 2014, eight knife-wielding Xinjiang terrorists unleashed deadly attacks on unsuspecting passengers at the Kunming Railway Station in southwest China's Yunnan province. The assailants killed 31 civilians and injured over 140 people.

"Xinjiang under blue skies" is a song jointly created by six Uygur and Han musicians in the aftermath of the attack. Chen Ruijun, who wrote the song, said people from other regions in China began perceiving Xinjiang and its people in a negative light after the attack. Changing people's perception of Xinjiang through the power of music became the biggest motivation for Chen and his fellow musicians. The song eventually took over half a year to produce – much longer than other pieces. "

At a time when attacks of different scales were taking place periodically in Xinjiang, people were anxious and depressed," said Chen. "Under these circumstances, we wanted to create a song that helps people face the confusion and the hardship, and helps open their hearts and minds."

On Friday, April 2, CGTN will present "The War in the Shadows," the last episode of a tetralogy chronicling the fight against terrorism in northwest China's Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.

It portrays the plight of Xinjiang residents living through the aftermath of terrorism in the region, unveiling the inside stories behind decades of struggle.


[Documentary - Episode 1 of 4] Fighting Terrorism in Xinjiang



Between 1990 and 2016, thousands of terrorist attacks shook the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in northwestern China, killing large numbers of innocent people and hundreds of police officers. Horrific stabbings and bombings rocked the land once known as a commercial hub on China's ancient Silk Road.

The damage to local communities was incalculable while stability in the region quickly deteriorated. Authorities have been trying hard to restore peace to this land.

In this exclusive CGTN exposé, we show you never-before-seen footage documenting the frightening tragedies in Xinjiang and the resilience of its people.


Source : Fighting terrorism in Xinjiang


[Documentary - Episode 2 of 4] The Black Hand — ETIM and Terrorism in Xinjiang



The East Turkistan Islamic Movement, or ETIM, is designated as a terrorist organization by the UN. For decades, the group which has close links with international terrorist organizations perpetrated countless terrorist attacks aiming to separate the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from China.

The movement has attempted to recruit people on a massive scale, spreading a radical ideology that continues to cause chaos in many countries around the world.

In this exclusive CGTN exposé, we show you never-before-seen footage including interviews with perpetrators and recruitment videos used by this black hand.


Source : The black hand — ETIM and terrorism in Xinjiang


[Documentary - Episode 3 of 4] Tianshan Still Standing — Memories of Fighting Terrorism in Xinjiang



"Some wounds even time can't heal," Xia Yeling, an Urumqi-based psychologist said. For the past decade, she has been treating hundreds of patients suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) due to the July 5 riots in 2009 in the capital city of China's Xinjiang. The killing sprees that resulted in 197 deaths and over 1,700 injures plunged the city into shock and panic, and etched indelible scars in the hearts of survivors and witnesses.

Traumas inflicted by humans are harder to heal than those from natural disasters, according to Xia, because trust between people has deteriorated in the midst of blood-curdling violence.

Between 1990 and 2016, thousands of terrorist attacks plagued the vast land of Xinjiang. Large numbers of innocent lives were lost in horrific stabbings, shootings and bombings. For survivors, the psychological toll could rival that of physical casualties. Xia told CGTN that those suffering from PTSD range from middle school students to seniors over 80 years old.

When symptoms of trauma don't go away, people have no alternative but to move on. Mirexmetjan Rozi, a survivor of the Id Kah Mosque assassination on July 30, 2014, has never returned to the mosque seated in the city center of Kashgar. On that day, three terrorists appeared, pushed him away and hacked at Imam Jume Tayir's neck and head. He failed to save Jume Tayir after he was stabbed in the thigh and has been grieving ever since. "Just thinking about it makes me break out in a cold sweat and want to cry."

Over 800 kilometers away, Dilqemer Tursun, both a witness and survivor of the bomb attacks in Luntai County of September 2014, is helping people as a rehabilitation therapist. At 21 years old, she lost her leg to an explosion while shopping with her family. "I heard my nephew crying and my mom yelling for help. Then I found myself gazing at my severed leg," she recalled. For months after that, she couldn't sleep, besieged by nightmares.

For her, there's an intertwined feeling of hate and forgiveness for the terrorist. "They must have been brainwashed by the violent videos. I think they are also victims."

Dilqemer lives on with her trauma, hoping to get a driver’s license and buy a car one day. Her greatest dream is to buy a bigger house for the whole family.

While residents have paid dearly for terrorism in the region, those on the frontlines constantly face the threat of death. As police deal with terrorists who use weapons ranging from homemade bombs to AK-47s, they have lost many colleagues in the line of duty.

In April 1998, police officer Long Fei lost his life during a raid on a household in Yili prefecture that was suspected of harboring a cache of weapons. He was a squad leader that led the attack on the terrorist hideout, but was killed when terrorists opened fire and shot him in the neck. In what turned out to be an even greater insult to his memory, Long's gun was stolen by a terrorist who fled and was later used to murder two policemen, named Kong Yongqiang and Nurtay Anwerbeg, two months later. During that assault, the terrorist was shot while attempting to escape through a window.

The sacrifice of the three police officers was not in vain. Retired police officer Abduraxman Peyzi said they had given their lives for Xinjiang's stability.

Due to the chaos in the region, simply being a police officer made one a target. The daughter of Xudaberdi Toxti saw terrorists hack her father, a policeman, to death one night, then they killed her brother when he tried to save their father. Peridem said she still feels uneasy when she sees people wearing red since it reminds her of the blood she saw then.

These attacks on regular people and police led to increased security in the region as all manner of violent attacks became more prevalent. Yalqun Yaqup, deputy director general of the Xinjiang Public Security Department, said in an interview with CGTN that the terrorists' methods have become increasingly "brutal" as they use anything from blades and guns to suicide bombings. He showed CGTN for the first time ever a cache of 5,000 homemade grenades seized in 1999 from the terrorist group "Kuresh," as well as 15,000 weapons seized in 2006, some of which were smuggled from abroad.

In the fight against these "violent terrorists," Yalqun Yalqup said law enforcement personnel are doing all they can to fight against rampant terrorism fueled by extremism.


Source : Tianshan Still Standing — Memories of Fighting Terrorism in Xinjiang


[Documentary - Episode 4 of 4] The War in the Shadows: Challenges of Fighting Terrorism in Xinjiang



Xinjiang, in the far western land of China, hosted one of the world's first and most important trade routes known as the Silk Road, which linked ancient Chinese civilization to the West through the Eurasian continent.

The land of fortune, however, has not always enjoyed tranquility. Thousands of terrorist attacks from 1990 through 2016 killed large numbers of innocent people and hundreds of police officers. Horrific stabbings and bombings rocked the land, leaving its people in shock, grief and panic. The damage was incalculable while stability in the region quickly deteriorated. Authorities have been trying hard to restore peace to this land.

In CGTN's first three documentaries on fighting terrorism in Xinjiang, we presented never-before-seen footage documenting the frightening tragedies in Xinjiang and the resilience of its people.

The fourth exposé "The war in the shadows: Challenges of fighting terrorism in Xinjiang" – the last of the tetralogy – exposes the extremist thinking and the challenges facing China's efforts to tackle terrorism inside and outside of Xinjiang.

It gives answers to these questions: Why has violent terrorism continued to plague Xinjiang? For those who were once known as "Two-faced people" among the legal and political elites in Xinjiang, how much damage have they done to anti-terrorism efforts in the region? How come poisonous education materials alleging ethnic victimization and "Turkic heroes" have been used for 13 years in primary and middle schools? Why must we stop the invisible hand of foreign advocacy alleging violent terrorism infiltrating our country?

The documentary reveals the methods used by extremist and separatist forces including the "Two-faced people" among the region's high-ranking officials, as well as how music and videos advocating violent terrorism and inciting ethnic hatred penetrated the region. Plus, it also tells of the very hardship police officers have been mired in for decades.

Over the past four years, violence has largely been contained, giving way to rapid urbanization and economic growth. Safety and tranquility never come easy. But it's only a preliminary victory in China's fight against terrorism.

The film is 55 minutes long and consists of four parts: "The network," "Enemies within," "The textbooks," and "The black hands."


Source : The War in the Shadows: Challenges of Fighting Terrorism in Xinjiang

MOFA: BBC is not trusted even in the UK

According to material openly available, BBC World Service is immune from any form of regulation and can produce all the disinformation it likes with legal impunity in the UK. It has caused the spread of the fake news virus not only in the UK but all over the world. BBC should try to do more just and truthful reports to tackle its credibility crisis, Chinese Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Hua Chunying said on Wednesday.

【外交部】看完气炸了！盘点BBC“阴间滤镜”记者沙磊6大抹黑中国的报道

从“疫情源头”到“中国脏棉”，BBC那些臭名昭著的涉华报道不少都出自驻华记者沙磊之手。但最近他似乎销声匿迹，据BBC的说法，沙磊已被“调派”去了台湾。 中国外交部发言人华春莹在3月31日的例行记者会上表示，沙磊是非正常离境，并没有履行一个外国常驻记者离任前应该履行的手续。

有一種極權，叫美國說你極權；告訴你新疆棉花不為人知的事｜沖出黎講

第95期：从历史及文化层面出发，中美欧的关系究竟会往哪个方向发展？张维为携手高健一起探讨欧洲与中美关系 |《这就是中国》CHINA NOW EP95【东方卫视官方频道】

華春瑩記者會播片揭穿謊言謠言 狠批：美方導演的戲該收場了

2021-03-29 時事觀察 余非：觀察新疆棉花戰──「打得一拳開，免得百拳來」；以及掌握分寸。

余非　美國《星島中文電台》「時事觀察」節目。

美國時間：2021年3月29日

觀察新疆棉花戰──「打得一拳開，免得百拳來」；以及掌握分寸。

    今天談新疆棉花，會不會遲了點呢？是的，基本材料已很多人讀過、聽過。可是也更好，讓我可以集中談觀察和分析。時間關係，直入正題。

    先簡介總體情況。

    首先，BCI 「良好棉花發展協會」針對新疆的調查2020 年已經開始，並且在今年初，2021 年 1 月出了報告，認定新疆存在「強制勞動」現象。據中外傳媒報導，H&M、Nike、Adidas等等，多個品牌早在去年、2020年3 月已發聲明，用的字眼或彼此不同，總方向是「拒用新疆棉」。從這些公司的角度，事情是一年後的2021年3月才被翻舊賬、惹怒了中國民眾。事態發展至3月25日前後，已有不少於47名藝人與相關品牌解除代言人合約，理由是「堅決反對任何污名化中國的言論與行為」。而民間也發起罷買的呼籲。

    何以是2020年已點火的新疆棉花問題，到現在才反制呢？

    我用第一點觀察來回答。棉花問題是反華力量打出的、新疆組合拳的其中一拳。幾年前已一直燃燒所謂「再教育營」，棉花是加碼。中國何以在新疆議題上出重手回應呢？因為美歐大國不收手，而且搞事的力度愈來愈大。歐盟於3月22日發聲明，就新疆人權問題制裁中國。這是1989年、即三十年來的首次。主要是西藏問題已穿了，真相鐵證如山，如果還要從種族問題興風作浪，新疆是反華力量的另一個火頭。在找到新火頭之下，他們的出招是組合拳，不要以為是單項行為。將中國的職業技能教育培訓中心說成是「再教育營」之外，用BCI（良好棉花發展協會）打新疆棉花是第二撃。而由現時的成績看來，中國以棉花之戰進行反撃是個很好的切入點。反華力量不會放過在新疆點火的，於是現在用的是毛主席抗美援朝的戰略：打得一拳開，免得百拳來。而棉花戰是相對比較有把握的一場仗（稍後講解）。

    說美歐英等國不收手，也反映在拜登就任65天才召開的記者會上。總之面對歐盟、英國、加拿大等國對中方人員及實體的制裁，中國選擇在新近的棉花戰這個時間點上出重手回應。你制裁我，我反制裁你。

    第二點觀察，是我剛才說棉花戰是個很好的切入點，那我如何看待它的得失呢？

    BCI「良好棉花發展協會」，只有十多年歷史，總部設在瑞士。簡言之，BCI表面上是非牟利國際性組織，但收會員費，同時每一次發出認證都要收費。請注意，BCI監督的是棉花生產過程中對環境及勞工的影響，即針對的是過程環不環保，關注棉花生產的周邊情況、可持續生產的問題，不是對棉花本身的質量鑑定。而這樣的機制加入的不只棉農，連成衣品牌（不種棉花的）也加入，是因為BCI成功把餅做大了。據報至2017年，不包括各式成衣品牌，BCI已可向全球130萬個棉農發檢查證。因為會員人數夠多，以成衣品牌為例，如果人人都用、只差你沒有，就在市場競爭上吃虧。畢竟，在新疆棉大戰之前，不是太多人深究BCI的實力。成衣品牌用了，對不知情的買家而言，以為是品質保證。而事實上，剛才已點出BCI管的是周邊生產情況，不是棉花的質量。舉例，有BCI認證的棉花如製成布匹，布匹到達成衣商手上，如果成衣生產商在染料使用上不規範，有BCI標誌也沒用。現在事件鬧大了，有求知習慣的人一查之下才知悉，原來BCI只是個可持續發展的認證，與你穿在身上的安全系數關係不太大。BCI要靠足夠多的人去用，做出「人有我有」的勢，才會成為一個強勢的機制。現在因為有中國民眾罷買，令部份拒絕新疆棉的品牌不但收回抵制，有些更乾脆退出BCI。且注意，不需要全部，只要有幾個國際知名品牌退出BCI，BCI就破功。因為他失去了「人有我有」的這個勢。

    BCI的認證本身不包含高技術和高難度，市場操作味濃。中國就用市場去打品牌，再由品牌退出BCI來打撃BCI。因此，按現時觀察，棉花戰先不用過早論輸贏，可是，很明顯中國於當前佔上風。挑起事端的BCI有點損兵折將的味道。

    第三點是棉花戰中國得分的進階分析。已經有很多評論報導述及，中國在2000年前後透過苗木覆蓋、地膜覆蓋的方式令棉花增產。不久後，中國取代美國，成為全球八十個產棉國家之中最大的棉花生產國。斗音有不少視頻提及，從2004年開始，鄭州商品交易所推出棉花期貨交易；2011年湖北天門市場建成全國最大的棉花交易市場及國際化的大型現貨超市。2016年落成了國際棉花交易中心。這些大家都略知就不重覆了。

    我想在這基礎上指出，中國除了生產棉花，還消費棉花，並以棉花發展紡織業，也生產成衣，例如李寧牌運動服就標明用新疆棉花。由棉花到成衣，中國有完整的產業鏈；即是上下游也全包了，是一條龍式的產業鏈。且注意，因此，打擊新疆棉花如果成功，是打撃中國一整個紡織業。棉花戰因而不只是個很好的切入點，而且必須出手。此外，中國在棉花戰得分的深層意義是甚麼呢？你制裁我、我反制裁你是官方層面的對決，而由中國人民罷買去回應抵制新疆棉的成衣品牌，是民眾去回應。這些中國民眾的另一個身份是消費者，打的是作惡品牌的消費市場。如果說中國奉行「具中國特色的社會主義」，即是在計劃經濟、國企之下，仍然存在空間很大的自由市場；這一部份的市場空間，行的是西方的市場經濟。此次的棉花戰，是用自由的消費市場去打新疆棉花戰。不是官方打，是民間打，而且用你西方人都熟悉的消費市場力量去打，用西方的消費市場概念去爭取話語權。用消費市場的力量去阻止、去打撃謊言橫行。也許，用西方也熟悉的方法去讓他們受教訓，他們才更明白中國的力量及想法。上述，就是棉花戰的深層意義。不只的，中國政府還順手證明了他在執政上的認受性，因為民眾都支持國家反撃。這招簡直是一石多鳥，連消帶打。而李寧、安踏等民族品牌，也迎來了一個機遇。

    第四點分析乘上一點而來。相當有趣，忽然發現，中國進入了政、經未必分開的做法。曾幾何時，中國奉行先經濟、後政治的發展方向。而棉花戰的意義反映──當然，未必次次都如此──總之，就棉花戰而言，中國用上了經濟與政治結合的打法。即是如果遇到（產業鏈）上下游都可以自己全包了的情況，中國可以用經濟與政治結合的打法。而上下游自己全包了的領域，尤其工業、實業領域，已愈來愈多。在這些領域內，用華春瑩的講法，老百姓不會再接受「一邊賺中國錢，一邊砸中國的碗」。真的有點時移勢逆的感覺，即使只是個開頭。在中美關係上，想將經濟與政治分開的，將會是美國。

    節目結束前做總結（此次總結比較長）：最近做國情節目我會有些擔心，害怕大家將我的點讚、帶讚賞的分析讀扁了。我一直苦口婆心提大家，我會為中國點讚（實事求是），但是我們要經常警醒，不要淺薄化為簡單唱紅。我相信長期聽我節目的聽眾應該不會，我們或者可以幫助沒聽我節目的其他人。

    當前中國面對的，是個很多邊、很立體、很動態的局面，一切不是二元對立，拉兩極就解決。打大仗，要很清醒、很靈活。分寸尤其要把握得恰到好處。我完全明白當前的打法要借助民間的人氣，例如罷買得由消費市場去出拳，靠的是消費者、中國民眾。於是民間氣氛不可以太冷。這是完全明白的。可是，民間如何不至於過熱，甚至壊大事，就要懂得掌握分寸。

    說一個實例。那些抵制新疆棉的外國品牌，中國人罷買、反制，是出手清晰精準，沒傷及無辜，而且有理有節。我也支持而且會身體力行。另一種民間回應就不是那麼高手了──見仁見智。相信大家也見過印有各式金句的紅色Ｔ恤。那些印有金句的Ｔ恤或手袋是戶外用的，受眾是街上或網上見到的任何人。這種針對性太泛泛了，當中的還擊或會變成挑釁。我不完全否定對西方污衊中國要作出一些情感表達，很正常；可是，當中要注意分寸，不宜把事件搞到很不得體。本集的分析，同時適用於香港，因為香港近來也很熱。

    因此，大家有沒有留意華春瑩近日在尖銳與堅定之中，笑容大幅增加了！那怕是笑著反嘲、笑著不屑，以及笑著回嗆你。總之，是笑著強硬。這效果可能更有殺傷力。

    華春瑩的笑，令我讀到一份游刃有餘。笑多了，不等於戰意少了。一如我上星期所說，只有沒信心的人才需要製造聲氣，吹哨夜行，甚至誇張炫耀。如果胸有成竹，不必如此。

【外交部】外交部记者会罕见开场方式：华春莹还没露面，先放了一段涉疆视频

【完整版】中美高层战略对话现场全记录 U.S.-China Summit in Alaska [Full Version]

3月18-19日，中共中央政治局委员、中央外事工作委员会办公室主任杨洁篪，国务委员兼外长王毅在安克雷奇同美国国务卿布林肯、总统国家安全事务助理沙利文举行中美高层战略对话。双方共举行了3场会谈。这是美国拜登政府执政以来的中美首次面对面会晤，也是中美元首除夕通话后的首次高层接触。

【繁簡字幕】美國將一病不起？深入美國醫療體制的「病」，性命不保，自由只不過是統治者的偽善︱#36 好書推介《重病的美國》︱十分鐘讀好書_20210319

Lorey給觀眾的話：
世界上醫療科技首屈一指的國家 - 美國，在新冠疫情期間的醫療系統的全面失效，導致超過50萬人死亡。不止美國人，世界各地都在問：「到底美國怎麼了?」主流傳媒只讓我們看到美國強大的國力、科技力量一日千里、國家有多民主自由又注重人權；卻沒有向大眾揭示在國家的每一條橫街窄巷中，都有數以千百計的病人因為醫療保障的不足，沒辦法得到最基本的治療。利潤至上的美國，在極端的資本主義和政治凌駕一齊的氛圍下，整體醫療水平不論在價格、品質、公平性及安全性竟然都處於落後國家的水平。《重病的美國》和大家一起反思真正強大的國家應該對國民有怎樣的一種義務，以及醫療健康與自由民主的關係。

【短片】【有聲專欄】屈穎妍：一碟壽司，一場人品測試

常言道「君子行不改名，坐不改姓」，但一場廣告推廣，台灣年輕人竟然連自己個名都出賣，反映咗咩問題？

美国出“阴招”拉盟友，“备战”中美高层战略对话！但我们不吃这一套！

后疫情时代中国的逆境生机 日本导演探访产值暴涨的企业 | China’s Post-Pandemic Era: Winning Against All Odds | アフターコロナ時代逆転勝利の法則

2020年，当世界还处于停滞状态，此时的中国，武汉街头已经恢复了昔日活力。南京马拉松参加人数：1万人；火爆的直播带货，线上购物；万人的武汉工厂，零人感染，产值翻倍；这些中国企业，如何在严格防疫的同时，做到逆势爆发？日本纪录片导演竹内亮，走近中国的后疫情时代。


Japanese documentary director Takeuchi Ryo recently got an email from his Japanese friend, asking about why there hasn’t been a second wave of pandemic in China. As a Japanese living in China, he realized, not only China has gotten the pandemic under control, its economy is recovering at a rapid speed. Why is China able to achieve this during the post-pandemic era? He began his search by visiting enterprises and industries that have achieved positive economic growth after the pandemic.

【短片】【有聲專欄】屈穎妍：驚天動地的遺言

2021-03-17 時事觀察 -- 霍詠強

03172021時事觀察 第1節 -- 霍詠強：誰更像黑社會流氓？誰對世界構成更大威脅？





03172021時事觀察 第2節 -- 霍詠強：美國對華戰略巳陷入結構性困境

【环球叶问】美国国务卿布林肯视中国为"最大对手"! 王毅为什么反谈"合作"？

最近，有两场重磅讲话举世瞩目。3月7号，国务委员兼外交部长王毅就中国外交政策和对外关系答记者问。3月3日，美国务卿布林肯发表了其就职以来的首次外交政策讲话，概述了美国外交政策的八个优先事项。如果我们把这两场讲话放在一起来看，会发现点什么呢？两国在看待中美关系的问题上，有何冲突点和契合点呢？