HOWTO : Install Parrot Security OS 3.11 32-bit

Since the 32-bit of Parrot Security OS 3.11 will crash in the middle of the installation even the hash checksum is same as the official, we can install "Home" version and then install the necessary tools by the following command.

sudo apt update
sudo apt install parrot-tools-full

That's all! See you.

Deepin Linux 15.5

中國武漢深度科技公司的深度作業系統 15.5 (Deepin Desktop) 是基建於 Debian Linux 的桌面系統。深度系統實現了 Linux 的高度客制化的技術，它媲美蘋果電腦 macOS 作業系統。

深度系統 15.5 安裝容易和直接，沒有太多的輸入和選項。當安裝在 Virtualbox 虚擬機器時，它會提供特效模式 (Effect mode) 或普通模式 (Common mode) 選擇。普通模式運作行得比較快，但沒有了特別效果。

在使用深度系統 15.5 時極有使用蘋果電腦 macOS 的感覺。使用介面非常直觀和華麗，你並不會迷失於大量的選項當中。

它的軟件庫 (Deepin Store) 收集了很多實用的軟件，並且安裝和移除都非常容易。它的軟件庫極有蘋果電腦 macOS 的 Apps Store 味道。可以看得出武漢深度科技公司曾經投入大量資源來開發這系統。

這個作業系統極之適合 Linux 初學者或一些要求簡潔和直接的用家。這也是 Ubuntu Linux 以外的另一個不錯的選擇。但是美中不足之處是它沒有全碟加密和密碼只接受最多十六位字元，而且有些軟件的版本比較老舊。




Wuhan Deepin Technology Co. Ltd. (China) develops a Debian based Linux system namely Deepin Desktop. The current version as at this writing is 15.5. The outlooks of Deepin is much like Apple macOS.

Installation of Deepin 15.5 is very easy and simple. A few information is required to fill in or select in the installation. When installed in Virtualbox, you have a chance to select "Effect mode" or "Common mode". Common mode is the fastest mode comparing with Effect mode. Deepin Desktop 15.5 is very easy to use. The design is very straight forward and simple. If you have experience in Apple macOS, you will feel that it is very similar.

There are some useful software in Deepin Store and it much like Apps Store in macOS. The installation and uninstallation of any software is very easy. It is believed that Wuhan Deepin Technology has invested a lot of resources of building this Linux distribution.

Deepin Desktop is suitable for newbies of Linux and someone who loves simple operation. If you do not like Ubuntu Linux, you may try Deepin Desktop instead. The only downsides of Deepin are no full disk encryption, the maximum length of user password limited to 16 characters and some software are a little bit out-dated.

That's all! See you.


Reference

Linux Deepin is NOT spyware


Full disk encryption on Deepin 15.5

Linux 的我見

每一個人選擇使用 Linux 的原因和理由各有不同，但大部份人都是原先是使用視窗 (Windows) 的。他們大多都有一個共同點，就是經常抱怨找不到和視窗一樣的應用軟體的代替品。但這個問題鮮有在蘋果 (Apple macOS) 的使用者中發生。問題是出在那裡呢？

視窗、蘋果及 Linux 在基本上是不同的產品，它們都有着自己的特性。蘋果是源於 BSD 系統，它是 Unix 系統；Linux 是類 Unix 系統及自行開發；而視窗是一個自行開發的非 Unix 系統。它們都有着的不同發展方向，除了 Linux，視窗和蘋果都很早在桌面 (Desktop) 方面上應用。

視窗專門經營軟體業務，而蘋果則為主要經營硬件業務，而 Linux 基本上是非牟利的。

蘋果也沒有很多與其他商業化產品一樣的代替品，但蘋果用戶並沒有如其他的視窗使用者使用 Linux 時的要求和抱怨。我想是因為蘋果用戶是一個獨特的使用群組，他們沒有抱怨沒有相似的代替品，但他們接受使用與視窗用戶所使用的不一樣和與別不同的產品。

基於 Linux 是開源及基本上是免費的，大多數的開發人員都是利用自己的私人時間來開發軟體，所以其開發出來的軟體大多數沒有在商業化上作出考慮；多數的開發人員都是開發給自己或一小撮人使用。其後他們有的也開發了一些與其他商業化產品的類似物，但並非是其代替品，也有一些應用是其他商業化產品沒有的。Linux 的獨特性可見一班。

其實視窗的使用者在使用 Linux 時不應有與使用視窗的要求。應當接受各個不同類型的作業系統的不同特性和發展。視窗的使用者與蘋果的用戶在性格上和要求上大有不同，在此，我非常欣賞蘋果用戶的可塑性。所以視窗的使用者對 Linux 會不會過於「又要馬兒好，又要馬兒不吃草」呢？

開源的 Linux 造就各式各樣的版本，各個版本都有其獨特的性格。各個版本的基本操作指令和架構是大致相同，最大的分別在於軟件包管理指令和桌面系統 (Window Manager)。不同版本的 Linux 有不同版本的軟件包管理和桌面系統。

Linux 吸引之處在於可塑性非常高，客制性的能力可以出神入化。再加上所有編程語言和編譯器是完全開源和免費的。這做就了多樣化的工具軟件供給多樣化的應用。每個軟件工程師都可建做自己具有個人特色的 Linux 版本或應用系統。

至於為何沒有與其他作業系統的應用軟體一模一樣的產品，我想這與知識產權不無關係的，這就不能怪責 Linux 的不體貼了。俗語有話「若要人似我，除非兩個我」。

Wordpresscan - Wordpress Security Scanner

Wordpresscan is a Wordpress CMS security auditing tool which is rewritten WPScan in Python and implemented some idea of WPSeku by swissky. However, the original copy in Github is still in alpha version and dated Oct 15, 2017.

Wordpresscan is then forked by Samiux on Apr 19, 2018 and some improvements as well as bugs fix on it. The modified version is released in Open Source under GPLv3 by Samiux.

It is well tested on Parrot Security OS 3.11 and it can run right away on Parrot without installation.





You can visit the official site for details.

That's all! See you.

HOWTO : Update Parrot Security OS 3.11

Parrot Security OS 3.11 cannot be updated properly with the default updater after freshly installed. We can update it manually.

sudo apt update
sudo apt -y full-upgrade --allow-downgrades
sudo apt -y autoclean
sudo apt -y autoremove

When asking for update the configure files, select "Y" when necessary.

That's all! See you.

HOWTO : Fallback to OpenJDK 8 on Parrot Security OS 3.11

Since OpenJDK 9 is installed for the recent update on Parrot Security OS 3.11, some Java applications that are using OpenJDK 8 may not work properly. We can fallback to OpenJDK 8 easily.

sudo update-alternatives --config java

Then select OpenJDK 8 or OpenJRE 8 when necessary. You can change back to OpenJDK 9 at any time with the same command.

That's all! See you.

HOWTO : Fix Vokoscreen 2.5.0 on Parrot Security OS 3.11

Vokoscreen 2.5.0 on Parrot Security OS 3.11 does not work properly as ffmpeg crashed. You can fix this problem by replacing the ffmpeg with Vokoscreen's copy.

wget http://linuxecke.volkoh.de/vokoscreen/ffmpeg-64bit.tar.gz
tar -xvzf ffmpeg-64bit.tar.gz

sudo mv /usr/local/bin/ffmpeg /usr/local/bin/ffmpeg-original
sudo cp ffmpeg /usr/local/bin/

That's all! See you.

Longjing - Deep Learning Driven Web Application Firewall

Longjing is Chinese green tea and full of antioxiants. It is good for health and to fight against cancer. Longjing Web Application Firewall (WAF) is deep learning driven and developed with Python 3 and Scikit-Learn library. To define it as deep learning is that it uses neural network MLP Classifier to build the model. Even it is a simple neural network MLP classifier, the accuracy rate is very high. It supports Linux system only.

Longjing WAF is mainly design to protect the web applications from being attacked by SQL Injection (SQLi) which is at the top of OWASP Top 10 in 2017. If successfully attacked, data leakage and/or system compromised will be caused. It is a critical vulnerability for web applications.

Longjing WAF is well tested on Damn Vulnerable Web Application (DVWA) with Burp Suite, SQLMap, OWASP ZAP, XSSER and Commix. Not only detects SQLi but also XSS (Cross-site Scripting). The accuracy rate is over 99% under the samples testing. It can be further tune for the false positive easily as the running code is an open source project that released under GPLv3 by Samiux. However, the training data and modelling are not open sourced.

It is not very complicate to install and deploy it. The latest version as at this writing is version 0.9.1. It works with Anaconda 3 and MitmProxy 3.0.3. Anaconda will install all required SciKit-Learn Python Libraries for you and it is also very easy to maintain. MitmProxy will act as a proxy to deal with the HTTP/HTTPS requests and responses.

Longjing is the next generation Web Application Firewall! Fetch it and try!

That's all! See you.


Reference

Longjing - Web Application Firewall

[Full Disclosure] Vulnerable Web Sites In Hong Kong (March 2018)

Since I am not a White Hat, I will disclose all my findings fully to the public. Do not blame me for that! I am a Grey Hat.

Recently, I found out that the personal web site of the anti-government politician in Hong Kong, Claudia Mo, has been hacked since 2016. Some China relevance videos and statement had been posted to the site since 2017. Meanwhile, the volunteers' personal particulars had been leaked in the Pastebin since 2016. The most important thing to know is that the site was protected by Cloudflare, a kind of cloud based DDoS protection and web application firewall (WAF).

I conducted a very simple and quick check on the site some days before yesterday and confirmed that her site was vulnerable to blind sql injection. However, her site has been deleted since yesterday (March 2, 2018, Hong Kong Time).

After a simple search, it was confirmed that the site was developed by OneTeam.hk. Some other sites that are developed by them has been obtained by Google search and from their official site. Another quick and simple tests on those sites has been conducted.

The result shows that about 18 web sites are vulnerable to sql injection vulnerability. It seems that those sites are developed by a vulnerable library.

The url of those sites are listed at the below for reference. It may not be a completed list. I do not responsible to any lost or/and damages caused once those sites have been disclosed. You have been warned that you will be put into the jail when you attack or doing evil on those sites.

Finally, some web developers in Hong Kong cannot build a secure web site properly. They believed that Cloudflare can protect the sites in a very secure manner. Cloudflare WAF can be bypassed very easily. Before investing money to your web sites, please consider the ability of the web developers and the security of the web applications.

Vulnerable sites :

http://www.geosecurities.com.hk/
http://www.charleskwok.hk/
http://shopkeeper.oneteam.hk/silverhealth/index.php
http://www.wiseland.com.hk/
http://www.islandsouth.hk/
http://www.hkdogschool.com/
http://www.newrecordltd.com/
http://www.winner28.cc/
http://www.ur-choize.com/
http://sealairsoft.com/
http://www.instantbuy.hk/
http://www.iiistyle.com/
http://www.toptrendint.com/
http://www.studioone.hk/
http://www.walterly.com.hk/
http://www.kangxi.hk/
http://www.crazymorestore.com/
http://www.trusty.hk/

Non vulnerable sites :

http://oneteam.hk/
http://www.musicianxdesigner.com/
http://shopkeeper.oneteam.hk/bq/
http://www.jpmyhouse.hk/
https://www.swordtacticalsupply.com/
http://taodeliver.mofa.ht/
http://www.mingkoi.com/
http://www.wai-hei.com/
http://innercare.com.hk/
http://www.95gd.hk/
http://siman.com.hk/

That's all! See you.

Longjing - Machine Learning Driven Web Application Firewall

Longjing is Chinese green tea with a lot of antioxiants. It is good for health. Longjing Web Application Firewall (WAF) is machine learning driven and it is designed to protect the web application from being attacked by SQL injection.

Longjing WAF is written in Python and It is not designed for the high performance in mind. Only Linux is supported.

Longjing WAF can protect your web application from being scanned by Burp Suite, SQLMap, OWASP ZAP, XSSER and Commix even your web application has SQL injection vulnerability. Meanwhile, reflected Cross Site Scripting (XSS) can be detected too.

SQL injection is on the top position of the OWASP Top 10 2017 which can lead to data leakage and/or system compromised. It is a critical vulnerability.

Longjing WAF is a PARTIALLY Open Source Project under GPLv3 License by Samiux. Training and Modelling are NOT open sourced. Demo may be provided when necessary.

The training requires about 3 hours on Intel i7-5500U with 16GB RAM. The accuracy rate is over 99%. The Longjing requires about 3GB RAM to run.

Requirement

- Ubuntu Linux Server 16.04.4 LTS
- Anaconda3
- mitmproxy
- web server
- web application
- SSD is recommended
- at least 8GB RAM

Installation

(A) Install Anaconda

sudo apt install build-essential libssl-dev libffi-dev python3-dev

wget https://repo.continuum.io/archive/Anaconda3-5.1.0-Linux-x86_64.sh

chmod +x Anaconda3-5.1.0-Linux-x86_64.sh

sudo -sH

./Anaconda3-5.1.0-Linux-x86_64.sh

install anaconda3 to /etc/anaconda3 and then answer "yes" to allow change the .bashrc of root.

source /root/.bashrc

(B) Update Anaconda

sudo -sH
conda update --prefix /etc/anaconda3 anaconda
conda update -n base conda

(B) Install mitmproxy

sudo -sH
conda install pip
pip install mitmproxy

The current version of mitmproxy at this writing is 3.0.3.

Exit to normal user by entering exit.

(C) Update mitmproxy

sudo -sH
cd /etc/anaconda3
pip install mitmproxy --upgrade

(D) Install Longjing

wget https://www.infosec-ninjas.com/files/longjing-0.8.0.tar.gz
tar -xvzf longjing-0.8.0.tar.gz

cd longjing

nano config.conf

where :
- NET_INF is the network interface of the mitmproxy to be listening
- PORT is port number of the mitmproxy to be listening, e.g. 8080
- CERT is the location path of the private key TLS/SSL certificate of the domain when available. It should be starting with --certs.

Please read mitmproxy "about certificate" documents for details - Using a custom certificate.

sudo ./install.sh

Finally, make sure to copy index.html to the web application root directory.

(D) Running

sudo systemctl restart longjing.service

(E) Testing with Tools

Longjing is well tested on Damn Vulnerable Web Application (DVWA) with the following tools :

- Burp Suite on DVWA (sqli and xss blocked except DOM)
- sqlmap on DVWA (tamper also blocked)
- OWASP ZAP on DVWA (sqli and xss blocked)
- xsser on DVWA (xss blocked)
- Commix on DVWA (blocked and Commix will hang in the middle)

That's all! See you.

HOWTO : Install MicroCode in Ubuntu Linux

Linux can update microcode to fix Meltdown and Spectre vulnerabilities instead of BIOS update. Ubuntu can fix the vulnerabilities with just one command.

sudo apt update
sudo apt dist-upgrade

For Intel CPU :

sudo apt install intel-microcode

For AMD CPU :

sudo apt install amd64-microcode

After that, reboot your Ubuntu box.

That's all! See you.


Update on JAN 24, 2018

Since Linux creator Linus Torvalds disagrees to install Intel's patches for Spectre, the Intel microcode is patched back to the previous version. You are not required to uninstall it. You just update and it will patch it back to the previous version. Please see The Hacker News for details.

sudo apt update
sudo apt dist-upgrade

New Year New You 2018!

This year, I am interested in Machine Learning Python Programming. The useful Python 3.x environment is to install Anaconda. Download the shell script and it will install all the related Python 3.x and Python Libraries for you. Your Linux may have 2 copies and 2 versions of Python and their libraries. You can uninstall Anaconda when you do not need it. This tool is very easy to use. You can also use Jupyter Notebook for the development.

Since I am not good at maths, I am going to find a more easier way to learn Machine Learning. The following is the list that I found from the internet which I can understand about Machine Learning programming and concept.

I just modified faizann24's Python script and the demo is below :




I write the script from the scratch. The demo is here :



The following demo is version 0.3 of the Machine Learning Driven Web Application Firewall :



The following demo is version 0.5 of the Machine Learning Driven Web Application Firewall. It is running much faster than previous versions :



Reference

[1] Josh Gordon's Machine Learning Recipes Video
[2] Machine Learning for Complete Beginners
[3] Machine Learning for Security Informatics
[4] Machine Learning is Fun
[5] FWAF Machine Learning Driven Web Application Firewall
[6] FWAF Machine Learning Driven Web Application Firewall (GitHub)
[7] Machine Learning Tutorial Video
[8] How To Build a Machine Learning Classifier in Python with Scikit-learn

That's all! See you.

New year New Hack 2018!

On Jan 4, 2018, GoldJoy Holidays reports that their server has been hacked. It is the second local travel agency company has been hacked in this month so far. The first one is Big Line Holiday which is hacked on Jan 3, 2018.

Big Line Holiday is hosting on their own server which is running Microsoft IIS 8.5 and PHP 5.5.30 with no SSL certificate. On the other hand, Goldjoy Holidays is hosting on web hosting company (the name is unknown to me) which is running Debian Linux, Apache 2.4.10 and PHP 5.6.31. It is believed that Big Line Holiday is running a custom web application while GoldJoy Holidays is running Joomla! Meanwhile, both of them are without security headers.

Today, Jan 5, 2018, GoldJoy Holidays announces that they applied layers of firewall to their website. I curious to know what kind of firewall they applied.

After a quick check, GoldJoy Holidays is now running behind Cloudflare and believed that it is either a free plan or Pro plan. The Cloudflare WAF (Web Application Firewall) may be set to high sensitive and SSL certificate is set. However, the SSL certificate provided by Cloudflare is a share certificate and the IT staff of GoldJoy Holidays misconfigures it. Since the site has no appropriated security headers, it may be affected by MITM (Man-In-The-Middle) attack.

The website of GoldJoy Holidays has several XSS (Cross Site Scripting) vulnerability and several suspected SQLi (SQL Injection) vulnerability. In addition, the website has some other minor problems related to security too. It is believed that the web application is Joomla! 1.5.x.

In my opinion, Cloudflare is not a good solution when your vulnerabilites at your website are not fixed. It will mislead the IT staff or users that your site is secure. Cloudflare WAF can be bypassed. I hope that it is a workaround solution, otherwise, it is still danger.

Reference

[1] Yahoo News
[2] South China Morning Post News
[3] TVB News

That's all! See you.

HOWTO : Wifi Intrusion Detection Without Tears

Wifi everywhere! When you are using wifi no matter it is a public or private hotspot, you are at the risk of being attacked.

When access point and client communicate, they will carrying out a four-way handshake in which the encrypted passphrase will also be transmitted between them. When attacker captures the four-way handshake, the encrypted passphrase is also captured in which it can get the passphrase by wordlists brute forcing.

However, we do not know the one who at the building or parking lot opposite your home or office is a hacker. Fortunately, we can inspect the suspicious or malicious packets in the air, it is the tool namely WAIDPS which stands for Wireless Auditing, Intrusion Detection and Prevention System.

You can leave this tool running and it will report back if there is any suspicious activity in the air near you. You can even fight back to the attacker. However, in my opinion, it is too late for that as the attacker may already have your encrypted passphrase with the four-way handshake.

If you observe any attack such as deauthentication, you can reset your passphrase to a stronger one in order to stop the attack on your wifi router.

By the way, MAC address filtering and hidden SSID mean nothing to attacker. The best way to defense is to have a very strong passphrase.

Reference

[1] WAIDPS - Wireless Auditing, Intrusion Detection and Prevention System
[2] Kali Linux

That's all! See you.

HOWTO : Wifi Penetration Testing Without Tears

Wifi everywhere! There are a lot of private and public wifi access points around you. Almost everyone will use wifi at anytime. The security of wifi should be taken into account.

The most common wifi frequencies are 2.4GHz and 5GHz at the time of this writing. 2.4GHz frequency channel range is between 1 and 14 while 5GHz frequency channel range is between 34 and 165. That's include a/b/g/n/ac modes.

You can even find some access points still using WEP but it is not common. Almost all access points are using WPA/WPA2. To get passphrase of WEP from access point is very easy. However, WPA/WPA2 is not very hard indeed.

When access point and client communicate, they will carrying out a four-way handshake in which the encrypted passhrase will also be transmitted between them. When attacker captures the four-way handshake, the encrypted passphrase is also captured in which it can get the passphrase by wordlists brute forcing.

To complete the capture steps, you need a tool namely Aircrack-ng. It is a very powerful wifi auditing tool. Furthermore, there is a good tool to brute forcing WPA/WPA2 key, it is Hashcat. Hashcat is very powerful tool for password recovery. Hashcat requires GPU to do the brute forcing job. The more powerful the GPU, the faster the process of brute forcing.

However, to carry out the wifi penetration testing is somehow very hard for some people. It is because it will involve a lot of steps and procedure to complete. In addition, you also need a workable wifi USB dongle or card to make the job done.

Current version of Aircrack-ng 1.2 RC4 does not fully compatible to 5GHz frequency. It is required to patch it and compile it yourself in Kali Linux.

Realtek 8812au chipset wifi USB dongle is ready for 5GHz frequency and penetration testing. The driver is required to compile and install on Kali Linux yourself too.

One of the automated tools for penetration testing wifi is WAIDPS. It also can act as intrusion detection and prevention system for wifi. It just a few keystrokes to complete the wifi penetration testing.





Reference

[1] List of WLAN channels
[2] Kali Linux
[3] Aircrack-ng Official Site
[4] WAIDPS - Wireless Auditing, Intrusion Detection and Prevention System
[5] Install Realtek 8812au Linux Driver
[6] Patch Aircrack-ng For 5GHz Band On Kali Linux 2017.3
[7] Hashcat Official Site
[8] Install Hashcat on Ubuntu 16.04.3
[9] TP-Link Archer T4UHP (Realtek 8812au chipset)
[10] ALFA AWUS036NH (Realtek 8812au chipset)
[11] D-Link DWA-171 Nano USB Adapter (Realtek 8812au chipset)

That's all! See you.

HOWTO : Patch AirCrack-NG For 5GHz Band On Kali Linux 2017.3

Since AirCrack-NG release 1.2rc4 and github repository commit number 7552fdc do not detect 5GHz channel number properly, you need to use jpmv27's repository for the workaround till official is patched in the next release.

The following is the best way than this as it uses the latest source of AirCrack-NG from GitHub.

Step 1 :

apt install pkg-config libssl-dev libsqlite3-dev libnl-3-dev libnl-genl-3-dev libpcre3-dev

Step 2 :

To patch for 5GHz band :

git clone https://github.com/aircrack-ng/aircrack-ng
cd aircrack-ng/src

wget https://github.com/jpmv27/aircrack-ng/commit/8199c04357ea05daaf2de2ae7eebb28d30baef87.patch

patch < 8199c04357ea05daaf2de2ae7eebb28d30baef87.patch

Step 3 :

To fix a typo :

nano bessid-ng.c

Replace line 709 where

err(1, "wi_wirte()");

to

err(1, "wi_write()");

Step 4 :

make
make install

Important

Make sure not to uninstall aircrack-ng by "apt" command as it will also uninstall some useful packages at the same time.

Kali Linux's Aircrack-ng is installed at /usr/bin and /usr/sbin while GitHub's Aircrack-ng is installed at /usr/local/bin and /usr/local/sbin. The $PATH will search for /usr/local first. Therefore, you will run GitHub version instead of original one.

When Kali Linux updated AirCrack-ng, you can uninstall the GitHub version by the following command when the source code is still there :

cd aircrack-ng
make clean
make uninstall

Remarks :

If using WAIDPS, make sure to use v1.0 R.6d (or newer) as it fixed for the newer aireplay-ng display.

Reference

5GHz Patch
Typo Patch

That's all! See you.

HOWTO : Install HashCat on Ubuntu 16.04.3

hashcat is the world's fastest and most advanced password recovery utility, supporting five unique modes of attack for over 200 highly-optimized hashing algorithms. hashcat currently supports CPUs, GPUs, and other hardware accelerators on Linux, Windows, and macOS, and has facilities to help enable distributed password cracking.




Step 1 :

sudo apt install ocl-icd-libopencl1 git build-essential

mkdir ~/infosec
cd infosec

git clone https://github.com/hashcat/hashcat
cd hashcat
git submodule update --init

make

cd ~/infosec
git clone https://github.com/hashcat/hashcat-utils
cd hashcat-utils/src

make

cp *.bin ../bin

Step 2 :

To crack WPA/WPA2 passphrase, convert cap to hccapx :

If using WAIDPS, copy the "cap" file to "~/infosec" :

cp /.SYWorks/Saved/Handshake_F92A673ED5C2_hihi_StrictFull.cap ~/infosec

cd ~/infosec
hachcat-utils/bin/cap2hccapx.bin Handshake_F92A673ED5C2_hihi_StrictFull.cap hihi.hccapx

If you are using Kali Linux 2017.3, "cap2hccapx.bin" is located at the following :

/usr/lib/hashcat-utils/cap2hccapx.bin

Step 3 :

The following are the example usgaes of hashcat to crack WPA/WPA2 passphrase:

To crack with rockyou dictionary :

cd ~/infosec/hashcat
./hashcat -m 2500 ~/infosec/hihi.hccapx ~/rockyou.txt

To crack up to 8 digits :

./hashcat -m 2500 ~/infosec/hihi.hccapx -a 3 ?d,?d?d?d?d?d?d?d?d --increment-min 1 --increment-max 8 --increment

To crack up to 8 characters for all available characters including space :

./hashcat -m 2500 ~/infosec/hihi.hccapx -a 3 ?a,?a?a?a?a?a?a?a?a --increment-min 1 --increment-max 8 --increment

To crack with rules and rockyou dictionary :

./hashcat -m 2500 -r rules/best64.rule ~/infosec/hihi.hccapx ~/rockyou.txt

The WPA/WPA2 crack on MacBook Pro (Retina Mid 2012 - NVIDIA GeForce GT 650M and Intel HD Graphics 4000) with hashcat required about half an hour for captioned first 2 examples. The third example requires over 305 years to complete on my MacBook Pro. The forth example requires 1 day and 13 hours to complete on my MacBook Pro.

Reference

How to Perform a Mask Attack Using hashcat

That's all! See you.

HOWTO : Install Forked AirCrack-NG on Kali Linux 2017.3

Since AirCrack-NG release 1.2rc4 and github repository commit number 7552fdc do not detect 5GHz channel number properly, you need to use jpmv27's repository for the workaround till official is patched in the next release.

Step 1 :

apt install pkg-config libssl-dev libsqlite3-dev libnl-3-dev libnl-genl-3-dev libpcre3-dev

Step 2 :

git clone https://github.com/jpmv27/aircrack-ng

cd aircrack-ng

Step 3 :

make
make install

Make sure not to uninstall aircrack-ng by "apt" command as it will also uninstall some useful packages at the same time.

That's all! See you.

Zotac ZBox CI549/MI549 nano for Croissants

Croissants is Intrusion Detection and Prevention System (IDPS) which requires 3 network interfaces and CPU with AVX2, Zotac ZBox CI549 or MI549 is another good choice for home and/or SOHO users. It's small footprint and Intel Core i5-7300U (Dual Core/4 Hyperthreading) is suitable for home and/or SOHO users for IDPS, like Croissants.

It comes with 2 network interfaces and one Thunderbolt 3 Type-C port which can connect to an adaptor to become another network interface. It also can install up to 32GB DDR4 memory. In my opinion, it can handle up to 1000Mbps bandwidth with low to medium traffic flow even I did not test it at my side at the moment. However, I will purchase one for the test when it is available.

On the other hand, you can install pfsense with suricata plugin on it when Hyperscan is available for FreeBSD or pfsense. pfsense requires 2 network interfaces only.

Finally, the difference between CI549 and MI549 is that CI549 is passive cooling while MI549 is active.

That's all! See you.

Reference

Zotac ZBox Comparison 2017

One More Secure Layer For Your Security Stack

Quad9 is founded by IBM, PCH and Global Cyber Alliance to provide a free DNS service to you that can block malicious websites when you are surfing the internet.

You can set it up on your router or personal computer in a few steps. It is painless to set it up as the official site provides videos and text documentation to help you to set it up.

Make sure you put "9.9.9.9" on the toppest position of your DNS list in your router or personal computer.



I have tested it and find out that the surfing speed is very fast without lagging. Finally, be keep in mind that Quad9 cannot 100% protect you from being reached all the malicious websites. However, it adds one more secure layer on your existing security stack.

That's all! See you.